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PFAS / Firefighting Foam (AFFF)

TL;DR — Quick Summary

  • What is PFAS: "Forever chemicals" used in firefighting foam (AFFF) that contaminate groundwater
  • Presumptive status: NO presumptive conditions exist yet
  • Research ongoing: Studies suggest links to cancer, thyroid disease, and other conditions
  • Still used: DoD continues to use AFFF to extinguish fuel fires
  • Claims possible: You can still file direct service-connection claims with medical evidence

No Presumptive Conditions (Yet)

Due to the lack of sufficient scientific studies, it has NOT been established that there is an increased likelihood of developing specific conditions after PFAS exposure. This means you must prove service connection on a direct basis with medical evidence.

What is PFAS/AFFF?

PFAS (Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances) and AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) are chemicals used by the DoD to extinguish fuel fires.

Key concerns:

  • These chemicals contaminate groundwater
  • They do not readily dissipate, earning them the nickname "forever chemicals"
  • They are still being used by the DoD
Health Effects

Potential Health Effects

Some studies have indicated that veterans exposed to high levels of PFAS/AFFF may have an increased likelihood of developing:

Other Research Findings

  • Changes in fetal and child development
  • Changes in the immune system
  • Fertility issues and pregnancy-induced hypertension/preeclampsia
  • Higher levels of cholesterol

How to File a Claim

Since there are no presumptive conditions, you'll need to file a direct service-connection claim. This requires:

  • Evidence of in-service exposure (duty station, MOS, orders)
  • Current diagnosis of the claimed condition
  • Medical nexus opinion linking exposure to condition

Consider getting a private medical opinion citing the scientific literature on PFAS health effects.

More Information

For more details on PFAS exposure and health effects:

Frequently Asked Questions

I was a military firefighter. How do I prove exposure?

Document your exposure through:

  • Your DD-214 showing firefighter MOS
  • Personnel records showing assignment to fire departments
  • Training records showing AFFF use
  • Buddy statements from fellow firefighters
I wasn't a firefighter but worked near areas where AFFF was used. Am I at risk?

Potentially yes. PFAS contaminates groundwater, so anyone who lived or worked on bases where AFFF was used may have been exposed through drinking water. Check if your duty stations are on the DoD PFAS investigation list.

Will PFAS ever become presumptive?

It's possible. The VA regularly reviews scientific evidence and can add presumptive conditions. Given the growing body of research on PFAS health effects, this could change in the future. Consider filing now — if presumptives are added later, you may be entitled to an earlier effective date.

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